PLACER COUNTY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT

RULE 240 - SURFACE PREPARATION AND CLEANUP
(Adopted 06-08-95; Amended 10-09-97)

100 GENERAL

101 PURPOSE: The purpose of this rule is to reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from solvents used for surface preparation, maintenance and cleanup operations, and from the storage and disposal of all VOC-containing materials used in these operations.

102 APPLICABILITY:

102.1 GEOGRAPHIC:
The provisions of this rule apply to all of Placer County.
102.2 BUSINESS CATEGORY:
This rule applies to all persons who engage in the production, repair, maintenance, or servicing of parts, products, tools, machinery, or equipment, and storage and disposal of VOC-containing materials used in solvent cleaning operations.

103 EXEMPTIONS:

103.1 EXEMPTION, JANITORIAL CLEANING: Janitorial cleaning operations are exempt from all provisions of this rule.
103.2 EXEMPTION, OPERATIONS SUBJECT TO OTHER RULES:
The following operations are exempt from all provisions of this rule:
103.2.1 Cleaning carried out in batch-loaded cold cleaners, remote reservoirs, open-top vapor degreasers, conveyorized degreasers, or or any other operations subject to Rule 216, Organic Solvent Cleaning and Degreasing Operations.
103.2.2 Coating and related operations subject to Rule 223, Metal Can Coating.
103.2.3 Cleaning operations subject to Rule 227, Petroleum Dry Cleaning Operations.
103.2.4 Coating and related operations subject to Rule 234, Automotive Refinishing Operations.
103.2.5 All operations subject to Rule 235, Adhesives, Rule 236, Wood Products Coating Operations and Rule 239, Graphic Arts Operations.
103.3 PARTIAL EXEMPTION, WIPE CLEANING OPERATIONS:
Wipe cleaning used for any of the following applications is exempt from the provisions of Section 301:
103.3.1 Cleaning of solar cells, laser hardware, and high-precision optics.
103.3.2 Cleaning for conducting performance laboratory tests on coatings, or inks; research and development programs and laboratory tests in quality assurance laboratories.
103.3.3 Cleaning of polycarbonate plastics.
103.4 PARTIAL EXEMPTION, AEROSOL PRODUCTS:
Usage of 160 fluid ounces or less per day per facility of aerosol products for cleaning is exempt from Sections 301 and 302.
103.5 PARTIAL EXEMPTION, LOW VOLUME:
Usage of 1.0 liter (1.1 quart) or less per day per facility, of solvents for cleaning, and which does not exceed 38 liters (10 gallons) per calendar year, is exempt from the provisions of this rule except for Recordkeeping, Section 501.4.

200 DEFINITIONS

201 AEROSOL PRODUCT: Surface cleaner packaged in a hand-held, pressurized, nonrefillable container which expels product in a finely divided spray when a valve on the container is depressed.

202 APPURTENANCE: Any accessory to a stationary structure, whether installed or detached at the proximate site of installation, including, but not limited to: hand railings, cabinets, bathroom and kitchen fixtures, elevators, doors, partitions, stairways, fixed ladders, catwalks, fire escapes, fences, rain-gutters and down spouts, window screens, lamp-posts, heating and air conditioning equipment, pipes and piping systems, other fixed mechanical equipment, large fixed stationary tools, and concrete forms.

203 ARCHITECTURAL COATING: Any coating applied to stationary structures and their appurtenances, to portable buildings, to pavements or to curbs.

204 CAPTURE EFFICIENCY: In Emission Control Systems, capture efficiency is the ratio, in percent, of the weight of the VOC in the effluent stream entering a control device to the weight of the VOC emitted from cleaning operations, both measured simultaneously in accordance with Section 503.6, and calculated by the following equation:

Where:
W_c = Weight of VOC entering the control device
W_e = Weight of VOC discharged from the cleaning operations.

205 CLOSED: No visible gaps.

206 CONTROL DEVICE EFFICIENCY: In Emission Control Systems, control device efficiency is the ratio, in percent, of the weight of the VOC removed by a control device from the process effluent stream entering the control device compared to the weight of VOC entering the control device, both measured simultaneously in accordance with Section 503.5, and calculated by the following equation:

Where:
W_c = Weight of VOC entering the control device
W_a = Weight of VOC discharged from the control device

207 ELECTRONIC ASSEMBLY: All portions of an assembly, including circuit card assemblies, printed wire assemblies, printing wiring boards, soldered joints, ground wires, bus bars, and other electrical fixtures, except the actual cabinet in which the assembly is housed.

208 EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM: A system for reducing emissions of VOC from cleaning operations. It consists of

1. equipment which captures exhaust and fugitive emissions from the cleaner and transports them to
2. a VOC control device which destroys the VOC or otherwise limits the emission of VOC to the atmosphere. The capture efficiency and the control device efficiency are calculated in accordance with Sections 204 and 206, respectively.

209 ENCLOSED GUN CLEANER:

209.1 A device used for the cleaning of spray guns, pots and hoses, which has an enclosed solvent container, is not open to the ambient air when in use, and has a mechanism to force the cleanup material through the gun while the cleaner is in operation; or
209.2 A device used for the cleaning of spray guns, pots and hoses, which has an enclosed solvent container, uses non-atomized solvent flow to flush the spray equipment and collects and returns the discharged solvent to the enclosed container.

 
210 EXEMPT COMPOUNDS: For the purposes of this rule, exempt compounds are determined in accordance with Section 503.2, and are listed in Rule 102, Definitions.

211 FACILITY: A business or businesses engaged in solvent cleaning operations which are owned or operated by the same person or persons and are located on the same or contiguous parcels.
 
212 JANITORIAL CLEANING: The cleaning of building or facility components, such as the floor, ceiling, walls, windows, doors, stairs, bathrooms, etc.
 
213 LIQUID LEAK: The visible liquid solvent leak from the container at a rate of more than three (3) drops per minute, or a visible liquid mist.
 
 214 MAINTENANCE CLEANING: A solvent cleaning operation or activity performed to keep parts product, tools, machinery, equipment (excluding application equipment, or general work areas), in clean and good operational condition.

215 MANUFACTURING PROCESS: The process of making goods or articles by hand or by machinery.

216 NON-ABSORBENT CONTAINERS: Containers made of nonporous material which do not allow the migration of the liquid solvent through them.

217 NON-ATOMIZED SOLVENT FLOW: The use of a solvent in the form of a liquid stream without atomization to remove uncured inks, uncured coatings and contaminants from an article.

218 PERSON: Any firm, business establishment, association, partnership, corporation or individual, whether acting as principal, agent, employee, or any other capacity including any governmental entity or charitable organization.
 
219 PRINTING: Any operation that imparts color, design, alphabet, or numerals on a substrate.
 
220 REPAIR CLEANING: A solvent-cleaning operation or activity performed during a repair process.
 
221 REPAIR PROCESS: The process of returning a damaged object or an object not operating properly to good condition.
 
222 SOLVENT: A VOC-containing liquid used to perform solvent cleaning operations.
 
223 SOLVENT CLEANING : The removal of loosely held uncured inks, uncured coatings, and contaminants which include, but are not limited to: dirt, soil, and grease from parts, products, tools, machinery, and equipment. Each distinct method of cleaning in a cleaning process which consists of a series of cleaning methods shall constitute a separate solvent cleaning operation.
 
224 SOLVENT CONTAINER: That part of a cleaning device that holds the solvent.
 
225 SOLVENT FLUSHING: The use of a solvent to remove uncured inks, uncured coatings, or contaminants from the internal surfaces and passages of the equipment by flushing solvent through the equipment.
 
226 STATIONARY SOURCE: Any building, structure, facility, or emissions unit which emits or may emit any affected pollutant directly or as a fugitive emission. This includes all pollutant-emitting activities which:

226.1 Belong to the same industrial grouping, and
226.2 Are located on one property or on two or more contiguous properties, and
226.3 Are under the same or common ownership, operation, or control or which are owned or operated by entities which are under common control. Pollutant-emitting activities shall be considered as part of the same industrial grouping if they:
226.4 Belong to the same two-digit standard industrial classification code, or
226.5 Are part of a common production process. (Common production process includes industrial processes, manufacturing processes and any connected processes involving a common material.)

 227 STRIPPING: The removal of cured coatings, cured inks, and cured adhesives.
 
228 SUBSTRATE: The material upon which another material is coated or fabricated.
 
229 SURFACE PREPARATION: The removal of contaminants such as dust, soil, oil, or grease, before coating or ink applications.
 
230 UNCURED COATINGS AND UNCURED INKS: Coatings and inks that are not dry to the touch.
 
231 VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (VOC): Any chemical compound containing at least one atom of carbon, except for the Exempt Compounds listed in Rule 102, Definitions.
 
232 VOC COMPOSITE PARTIAL PRESSURE: The sum of the partial vapor pressures of the compounds defined as VOCs, as determined in accordance with Section 503.3, and calculated by the following equation:

Where:
PP_c = VOC composite partial pressure at 20^oC, in mm mercury.
W_i = Weight of the "I"th VOC compound, in grams, as determined by ASTM E 260-91.
W_w = Weight of water, in grams as determined by ASTM D 3792-86.
W_e = Weight of the "I"th exempt compound, in grams, as determined by ASTM E 260-91.
Mw_i = Molecular weight of the "I"th VOC compound, in grams per g-mole, as given in chemical reference literature.
Mw_w = Molecular weight of water, 18 grams per g-mole.
Mw_e = Molecular weight of the "I"th exempt compound, in grams per g-mole, as given in chemical reference literature.
Vp_i = Vapor pressure of the "I"th VOC compound at 20^oC, in mm Hg, as determined by the method in Section 503.4 of this rule.

233 VOC CONTENT PER LITER OF MATERIAL: The weight of VOC per liter shall be determined using the appropriate test method pursuant to Section 503.1, and calculated by the following equation:
 

 Where:
 W_m = Weight of all volatile compounds in grams
 W_w = Weight of water in grams
 W_ec= Weight of exempt compounds in grams
 V_m = Volume of material in liters

234 WIPE CLEANING: The method of cleaning a surface by physically rubbing it with a material such as a rag, paper, or a cotton swab moistened with a solvent.
 

300 STANDARDS:
The following standards shall apply to any person or stationary source subject to this rule:
 
301 SOLVENT REQUIREMENTS: A person shall not use a solvent to perform cleaning operations, including the use of cleaning devices or methods, unless it complies with the following applicable requirements :

301.1 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES AND COATING, ADHESIVE, OR INK APPLICATIONS:
The solvent used to clean substrates during the manufacturing process, or used for surface preparation of substrates before coating, adhesive, or ink applications shall have a VOC content equal to or less than 70 grams of VOC per liter of material, as calculated in accordance with Section 233.
301.2 REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE:
Solvents used for repair or maintenance cleaning shall have a VOC content of 900 grams or less of VOC per liter of material, as calculated in accordance with Section 233, and a VOC composite partial pressure of 20 mm Hg or less at 20C (68F), as calculated in accordance with Section 232.
301.3 COATINGS APPLICATION EQUIPMENT:
Solvents used for cleaning coatings application equipment shall have a VOC content of 950 grams or less of VOC per liter of material, as calculated in accordance with Section 233 and a VOC composite partial pressure of 35 mm Hg or less at 20C (68F), as calculated in accordance with Section 232.
301.4 ELECTRONIC ASSEMBLIES:
Solvents used for manufacturing or maintenance cleaning of electronic assemblies shall have a VOC content of 900 grams or less of VOC per liter of material, as calculated in accordance with Section 233, and a VOC composite partial pressure of 33 mm Hg or less at 20C (68F), as calculated in accordance with Section 232.
301.5 POLYESTER RESIN APPLICATION:
Solvents used for cleaning polyester resin application equipment shall comply with any one of the limits specified below:
 301.5.1 The solvent shall have a VOC content of 200 grams or less VOC per liter of material, as calculated in accordance with Section 233.; or
 301.5.2 The solvent shall have a VOC content of 1100 grams or less of VOC per liter of material, as calculated in accordance with Section 233, and a VOC composite partial pressure of 1.0 mm Hg or less at 20^oC (68^oF), as calculated in accordance with Section 232; or
 301.5.3 In lieu of complying with either of the VOC limitations in Sections 301.5.1 and 301.5.2, above, a person may comply by using a solvent residue reclamation system. Reclamation may be done either on-site or off-site through a reclamation facility. The on-site reclamation system shall operate at least at 80 percent efficiency, by weight, and the solvent residues shall contain not more than 20 percent VOC, by weight.

302 CLEANING DEVICES AND METHODS: A person shall perform solvent cleaning operations using only one of the following cleaning devices or methods: and shall comply with the provision of Section 302.4.

302.1 Wipe cleaning.
302.2 Non-propellant spray bottles or containers.
302.3 An enclosed gun cleaner, as defined in Section 209.
302.4 Regardless of cleaning method, any spray discharge of solvent into the open air is prohibited at all times

 
303 EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM: As an alternative to compliance with Sections 301 and 302, a person may use an Emission Control System associated with the solvent cleaning operation, approved by the Air Pollution Control Officer and which satisfies both of the following conditions:

303.1 The capture device shall collect at least 90 percent, by weight, of the VOC emissions generated by the solvent cleaning operation, (a Capture Efficiency of 90 percent, as defined in Section 204), and
303.2 The control device shall reduce VOC emissions from the emission capture system by at least 95 percent, by weight, (a Control Device Efficiency of 95 percent, as defined in Section 206).

 
304 STORAGE AND DISPOSAL: All VOC-containing materials used in solvent cleaning operations, such as solvents, and cloth and paper moistened with solvents, shall be stored in non-absorbent containers with no liquid leaks. Such containers shall be kept closed at all times except when filling or emptying.
 
400 ADMINISTRATIVE
 
401 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PLAN: A person using an emission control system pursuant to Section 303, as a means of alternate compliance with this rule, must submit an Operation and Maintenance Plan for the emission control system to the Air Pollution Control Officer for approval. A person proposing to install a new emission control system as a means of alternate compliance with this rule shall submit in addition to an Operation and Maintenance Plan, an application for Authority to Construct, pursuant to Rule 501, General Permit Requirements. The Plan shall specify operating and maintenance procedures which will demonstrate continuous operation of the emission control system during periods of emissions-producing operations. The Plan shall also specify which records must be kept to document these operating and maintenance procedures. These records shall comply with the requirements of Sections 501.2.2 and 501.3. The Plan shall be implemented upon approval of the Air Pollution Control Officer.

402 VIOLATIONS: Failure to comply with any provision of this rule shall constitute a violation of the rule.
 
500 MONITORING AND RECORDS
 
501 RECORDKEEPING: Any person subject to this rule, shall comply with all of the following applicable requirements:

501.1 LIST OF MATERIALS:
A current list of solvents in use shall be maintained and shall include all of the following items:
501.1.1 The product name and identification code of the solvent, and the specific application pursuant to Section 301.
501.1.2 The VOC content of the solvent, as determined pursuant to Section 502. 1., and the VOC composite partial pressure of the solvent as determined pursuant to Section 503.3.
501.1.3 Method of cleaning and cleaning device used with the solvent.
501.2 USAGE AMOUNTS:
501.2.1 For persons using materials which comply with the standards specified in Section 301, or using materials pursuant to Section 103.3, records shall be maintained on a monthly basis, showing the type and volume of solvents used.
501.2.2 For persons using materials exceeding the VOC and VOC composite partial pressure limits specified in Section 301, and using an Emission Control System pursuant to Section 303, or using materials pursuant to Section 103.4, records shall be maintained on a daily basis, showing the type and volume of solvents used.
501.3 EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM:
Any person using an Emission Control System pursuant to Section 303 shall maintain such records as required by Section 501.2.2 on a daily basis.
501.4 LOW VOLUME USAGE:
Any person claiming partial exemption from this rule for low volume of solvent usage, pursuant to Section 103.5, shall maintain such records as required by Section 501.2.1 on a daily basis.

 
502 RETENTION OF RECORDS: All records required by this rule shall be retained on-site for at least two years, except for sources subject to Rule 507, Federal Operating Permit Program, which shall be retained for at least five years. Such records shall be made available to the Air Pollution Control Officer upon request.
 
503 TEST METHODS

503.1 DETERMINATION OF VOC CONTENT:
VOC content of solvents shall be determined in accordance with United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Method 24 and Sections 233 and 503.2 of this rule.
503.2 DETERMINATION OF COMPOUNDS EXEMPT FROM VOC DEFINITION:
Compounds exempt from the VOC definition, as listed in Rule 102, Definitions, shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D4457-85 or ARB Method 432. If any of the perfluorocarbons or volatile cyclic and linear methyl siloxanes are being claimed as exempt compounds, the person making the claim must state in advance which compounds are present, and the EPA-approved test method used to make the determination of these compounds.
503.3 DETERMINATION OF VOC COMPOSITE PARTIAL PRESSURE:
VOC composite partial pressure shall be determined in accordance with ASTM E260-91 for organic compounds, and ASTM D3792-86 for water content as applicable, and Sections 232, 503.1, 503.2 and 503.4 of this rule.
503.4 DETERMINATION OF VAPOR PRESSURE:
Vapor pressure of a VOC shall be determined in accordance with ASTM Method D2879-86, or may be obtained from a published source such as:
503.4.1 "The Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances", Boublik, Fried, and Hala; Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, New York, 1973.
503.4.2 "Perry's Chemical Engineer's Handbook", McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1984.
503.4.3 "CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Chemical Rubber Publishing Company, 1986-87.
503.4.4 "Lange's Handbook of Chemistry", John Dean, ed., McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1985.
DETERMINATION OF SOLVENT COMPONENTS: The identity of components in solvents shall be determined by USEPA Method 18.
503.5 DETERMINATION OF CONTROL DEVICE EFFICIENCY:
Efficiency of the emission control device shall be based upon test measurements made in accordance with
1. USEPA Method 18, 25 or 25A, for VOC concentration, and
2. EPA Method 2 or 2C (whichever is applicable) for flow rates, and calculated in accordance with Section 206.
503.6 DETERMINATION OF CAPTURE EFFICIENCY: Collection efficiency shall be determined in accordance with USEPA "Guidelines for Determining Capture Efficiency, January 9, 1995", calculated in accordance with Section 204, shall be determined by:
503.6.1 Applicable USEPA methods 204, 204A, 204B, 204C, 204E, and/or 204F; or
503.6.2 The South Coast Air Quality Management District "Protocol for Determination of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Capture Efficiency"; or
503.6.3 Any other method approved by the USEPA, the California Air Resources Board, and the Air Pollution Control Officer.
503.7 MULTIPLE TEST METHODS: When more than one test method or set of test methods is specified for any testing, a violation of any requirement of this rule established by any one of the specified test methods shall constitute a violation of this rule.
503.8 TEST METHOD UPDATES: Future approved revisions of any test methods referenced in Section 503 shall then become the applicable versions with respect to this rule.