State of California
AIR RESOURCES BOARD

Staff Report for the Proposed 
Suggested Control Measure
for Architectural Coatings

Volume II:
Technical Support Document

VI.

DESCRIPTION AND TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT
OF THE COATING CATEGORIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR CHAPTER VI - SECTION A

For SECTIONS B AND C PLEASE CLICK HERE

A. COATING CATEGORIES FOR WHICH WE ARE PROPOSING NEW VOC LIMITS

We are proposing new VOC limits for the following 31 coating categories that are generally consistent with the interim VOC limits adopted in recent amendments to the South Coast AQMD's Rule 1113 (with the exception of antenna coatings, antifouling coatings, bituminous roof coatings, clear brushing lacquers, floor coatings, flow coatings, high-temperature coatings, non-flat high gloss coatings, pre-treatment wash primers, swimming pool repair and maintenance coatings, and waterproofing sealers). However, in many cases, the proposed limits are lower than the existing VOC limits in other district rules in California. Therefore, the discussions of these coating categories are more detailed than those for the other categories. The discussions for each of these coating categories include:

1. product category description;
2. information on product use and marketing;
3. information on the existing product formulations;
4. discussion of the proposed VOC limit, our rationale for the proposed limit, and the options for compliance; and
5. if applicable, a discussion of the issues associated with the proposed VOC limit, as raised by the affected industry. After the Flat and Non-flat categories, the product categories are in alphabetical order.

Product Category Description:

Flat coatings are widely used on both interior and exterior surfaces of residential and commercial buildings. Flat coatings leave a matte finish, with no gloss or shine. They are defined as having a gloss of less than 15 on an 85^o meter or less than 5 on a 60^o meter. The flat finish tends to minimize surface irregularities and imperfections.

Table VI-1 below summarizes our estimate of sales and VOC emissions from the flat coatings category based on ARB survey results. The ARB survey (ARB, 1999) shows that flat coatings represent the largest coating category with regard to both sales volume and VOC emission levels. In 1996 (the year surveyed), approximately 32 million gallons of flat coatings were used in California. This represents about 36 percent of the total California sales volume of architectural coatings in 1996. The VOC emissions from flat coatings in California, excluding those emissions that occur in the South Coast AQMD, are about 8.0 tons per day (TPD). VOC emissions from flat coatings represent approximately 15 percent of the total emissions from architectural coatings. Because most of the products sold are water-based, most of the emissions are from water-based products, even though these products have a lower sales-weighted average VOC content than solvent-based products.

 

Table VI-1 Flat Coatings*
	Number of Products	Category Sales (gallons/year)	Sales-Weighted Average VOC (grams/liter)**	VOC Emissions (excluding South Coast AQMD) (tons/day)
Solvent-Based	56	27,873	373	0.06
Water-Based	2,299	31,800,868	98	7.94
Total	2,355	31,828,705	98	8.00

* Based on ARB's 1998 Architectural Coatings Survey Results Final Report (ARB, 1999).
** Grams VOC per liter of coating, less water and exempt compounds.

Product Use and Marketing:

Typically, flat coatings can be brushed, rolled, or sprayed on the surface to be painted. Flat coatings make up approximately 80 to 90 percent of the total coatings used for residential applications (South Coast AQMD, 1996). "Do-it-yourselfers" and paint contractors can purchase flat coatings at outlets including hardware stores, home supply stores, and retail paint stores. Flat coatings are used on interior walls and ceilings, and are typically used to paint living rooms, dining rooms, bedrooms, and halls. Flat coatings are also used on exterior walls and overhangs. With proper surface cleaning and priming (if necessary), flat coatings can be used on a large variety of interior and exterior substrates including drywall, plaster, wallpaper, brick, concrete block, wood siding, vinyl siding, aluminum siding, and stucco. Because most flat coatings are water-based, soap-and-water cleanup is typical. Most flat coatings (about 97 percent) are sold in size units greater than one liter (ARB, 1999).

The 1998 ARB survey showed that about 41 percent of the flat coatings sold in 1996 were formulated for interior applications, 30 percent for exterior applications, and 29 percent were formulated for both interior and exterior applications (ARB, 1999).

For marketing their products, some manufacturers of "zero VOC" flat coatings emphasize the health benefits of using such coatings versus conventional coatings. The benefits include the low-to-minimal odor of zero VOC coatings and the reduced chemical exposures from the use of such coatings. Because of those features, manufacturers of zero VOC coatings emphasize the coatings' suitability for use in enclosed centrally-ventilated buildings (e.g. schools, office buildings, and hospitals), rooms that need to be occupied soon after painting (e.g. restaurants, hotel rooms), and residences.

Product Formulation:
As discussed earlier, most flat coatings are water-based. The 1998 ARB survey (which represents 1996 sales as reported) shows that water-based flat coatings represent over 99 percent of the flat coatings market. Solvent-based flat coatings represent 0.1 percent of the market and generally have VOC levels greater than 250 g/l, the VOC limit for flat coatings currently in effect for those California air pollution control districts that have architectural coatings rules. The volume of solvent-based flat coatings sold has decreased approximately 54 percent since the 1993 ARB survey of architectural coatings (which reflected 1990 sales), while overall sales of flat coatings has remained about the same. The overall sales-weighted average VOC level for flat coatings has decreased 7 percent since the 1993 ARB survey (ARB, 1999).

Generally, the type of binder used in a formulation has a large influence on the amount of VOC needed. Binders serve to hold the paint together in a film and to provide adhesion to the substrate. The binder in water-based flat coatings, which comprise the majority of flat coatings, is typically a dispersion of synthetic resin particles, called latex. Thus, these types of coatings are commonly called latex coatings. A wide variety of synthetic polymers are used as binders in latex coatings. Two common latex binders are acrylic and vinyl-acrylic resins. The solvent-based coatings in this category are commonly formulated using alkyd resins as binders.

The VOCs in water-based coatings perform one or more of the following functions: binder coalescing aid, polymer plasticizer, freeze/thaw stabilizer, defoamer, and carriers for other additives such as colorants, thickening agents, surfactants, and biocides. The largest contributors of VOCs in latex coatings are glycols, added mainly to provide freeze/thaw resistance, and coalescing solvents such as 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol isobutyrate (Texanol®), to allow the latex particles to come together to form a film (Klein, 1993). Generally, so called "zero VOC" coatings contain very small amounts of VOCs. Lower-VOC coatings tend to be formulated using binders that require less coalescing solvent and/or are formulated using less VOCs for freeze/thaw stabilization (Klein, 1993; Currie, 1993).
 

Proposed VOC Limit and Basis for Recommendation:
We recommend a 100 g/l VOC limit for flat coatings, effective January 1, 2003. The proposed VOC limit is technologically and commercially feasible by January 1, 2003, based on our review of ARB survey data on marketshares, product information from manufacturers, and other information as discussed below. The proposed VOC limit is lower than the national limit recently promulgated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) for this category. The U.S. EPA divides flat coatings into interior and exterior categories, but the same VOC limit, 250 g/l, applies to both (U.S. EPA, 1998). In California, the 1989 SCM for architectural coatings recommended a 250 g/l VOC limit for flat coatings (ARB, 1989); this is the most common limit currently in effect for those California air pollution control districts that have architectural coatings rules. In 1996, the South Coast AQMD adopted a 100 g/l limit for flat coatings that will become effective July 1, 2001, and also adopted a 50 g/l limit that will become effective July 1, 2008. Our recommended limit is consistent with the interim limit adopted by the South Coast AQMD.

As shown in Table VI-2, the 1998 ARB survey found that about half of the marketshare of flat coatings complies with the proposed VOC limit. Nearly 1,100 products of the approximately 2,400 products reported already comply with the proposed limit. Of the 45 companies that reported in this category, 36 offered flat coatings that comply with the proposed limit. Products with a VOC content equal to or lower than 50 g/l represent about 18 percent of the market, and products with a VOC content equal to or lower than 150 g/l represent 88 percent of the market. (ARB, 1999).

The table below also shows that VOC emission reductions in the non-South Coast AQMD portion of California would be approximately 1.4 TPD, on an annual average basis, from implementing the proposed limit of 100 g/l.

* Based on ARB's 1998 Architectural and Industrial Maintenance Coatings Survey (ARB, 1999).

Considering flat coatings formulated for interior and exterior use separately, the 1998 ARB survey indicates that 69 percent (550 products) of the volume of interior flat coatings sold comply with the proposed limit, 42 percent (276 products) of the volume of exterior flat coatings sold comply, and 27 percent (143 products) of the volume of coatings sold for both interior and exterior use comply (ARB, 1999).

The high marketshares that already comply with the proposed limit demonstrate widespread use of existing low-VOC technology for formulating flat coatings. While almost all flat coatings are currently water-based latex coatings, the proposed limit would require more water-based products to be formulated using lower-VOC technology. As discussed above, the primary sources of VOCs in latex coatings are coalescing solvents and VOCs (glycols) added mainly to provide freeze/thaw resistance. We expect that product reformulation to meet the proposed limit would involve switching to a binder (or blend of binders) that requires less coalescing solvent and/or reducing the amount of glycol that is added to provide freeze/thaw stability (Klein, 1993; Currie, 1993).

Of note is that most solvent-based flat coatings used in districts without architectural coatings rules do not meet the 250 g/l limit currently in place in district architectural coatings rules. Such solvent-based coatings will at a minimum have to be reformulated (likely to water-based) to meet the national rule limit of 250 g/l in those California districts that do not adopt architectural coatings rules.

Independent Product Tests

Consumers Union, an independent, nonprofit organization, recently reported on tests it performed on interior and exterior paints. Tests were performed on 14 brands of interior flat paints marketed as higher-grade paints. For each brand, three colors that represent the basic tint bases were tested. Several flat paints with VOC levels below 100 g/l were included in the tests. The paints were tested for hiding ability and resistance to scrubbing, staining, blocking, fading, and mildew. All the interior flat paints tested performed well, rating "good" or better in overall scores. One complying flat paint, Pittsburgh Manor Hall, was included as one of the five paints recommended as "best of the flats" and received the second highest overall score
(Consumer Reports, 2000).

Consumers Union also tested 16 brands of exterior latex flat paints (three colors for each brand) purchased mostly from the northeastern United States. ARB staff was able to ascertain that one flat paint tested complies with the proposed 100 g/l limit. The paints were applied to Southern yellow pine, a type of wood prone to cracking, and were exposed to the weather in New York and Florida for nearly two years. Periodic assessments were made for signs of cracking, color change, dirt buildup, mildew growth, and other problems. The investigators also tested how well the paints adhered to a chalky surface. Based on the test results, four flat paints received a recommendation from Consumers Union. Those recommended paints included Glidden Dulux Endurance flat, which, with the exception of its accent tint base, complies with the proposed VOC limit (Consumer Reports, 1999).

Product information from manufacturers

Product information sheets published by coatings manufacturers indicate that a wide variety of flat coatings that meet the proposed VOC limit are available that possess performance characteristics similar to higher-VOC coatings. At the end of the discussion of this category are tables of information about specific products that meet the proposed VOC limit and, for comparison, products that exceed the proposed limit. We identified specific products with a VOC content of 100 g/l or less offered by Behr, Devoe, Dunn Edwards, Frazee, ICI-Dulux, Rodda Paint, Sherwin Williams, and Tru-Test. A list of performance characteristics compiled from product information sheets for interior and exterior flat coatings with VOC levels of 100 g/l or less is presented below. Please note that not all flat coatings with VOC levels at or below 100 g/l possess all of the characteristics listed below:

Interior flat coatings

Exterior flat coatings

good quality, high quality, premium quality, top of the line quality  good to excellent hiding qualities, good dry hiding durable crack-resistant long-lasting finish excellent adhesion excellent color and sheen uniformity non-yellowing good to excellent touch-up properties good stain resistance washable to extremely washable, durable, long-lasting protection easy application excellent freeze-thaw resistance high film build without sags or runs

quality product, top of the line, premium quality long-lasting durability, durable and tough exceptional coverage excellent adhesion low temperature application to 35o F maximum protection against UV color fade, efflorescence, water intrusion, and film failure, fade and chalk resistant resists blistering, peeling, and flaking easy application very good to excellent touch-up good hide exceptional mildew resistance

Issues:

1. Issue:
The flat coatings category covers a broad range of products. The ARB should consider subcategorizing the flat coatings category to allow for a higher VOC limit for special use, high performance products. A specific suggestion is to split the flat coatings category into interior and exterior subcategories with different VOC limits for each.

Response: The information we reviewed does not substantiate the need to subcategorize the flat coatings category. Our survey of product information published by coating manufacturers indicates that a wide variety of product types in the flat coatings category already comply with the proposed limit. This includes coatings formulated specifically for acoustic ceilings, coatings formulated for contractors (which emphasize features such as ease and speed of application, hiding properties, and touch-up properties), texture coatings, high-build coatings, coatings designed for low temperature application, and premium quality coatings.

As discussed above, information on marketshares obtained from the 1999 ARB survey indicates that a considerable portion of interior and exterior flat coatings already comply with the proposed limit. Our survey of product information and independent test results show that a variety of performance characteristics comparable to those of higher VOC products have been achieved for both interior and exterior flat coatings with VOC levels at or below 100 g/l.

2. Issue:
The 100 g/l limit for flat coatings will allow the sale of medium quality coatings, but consumers will not be able to purchase high quality flats that will stand up to repeated washings or have good exterior durability. Application properties at lower temperatures will be compromised, as will freeze-thaw resistance.

Response: Product information from coating manufacturers and independent test results indicate that a variety of manufacturers have been able to use available technology to achieve desirable properties for flat coatings with VOC levels at or below 100 g/l. Our survey of product information indicates that there are a number of existing interior and exterior coatings that meet the proposed limit that are marketed as premium quality coatings. Further, the product information and test results indicate that there are complying coatings with excellent scrub resistance and durability. Also, there are complying products that allow for low temperature application and products with good freeze-thaw resistance.

3. Issue:
It is premature to adopt South Coast AQMD's interim flat limit when the District committed in Rule 1113 to do a technical assessment prior to its 2001 implementation date.

Response: South Coast AQMD Rule 1113 requires the District to perform the first technology assessment on flat coatings by July 1, 2000, a year before the 100 g/l limit is to take effect in that district. We expect that the South Coast AQMD's assessment will largely consider the same types of information that we considered in our assessment, i.e. information obtained in ARB's 1998 survey, information on product tests, and product information from coating manufacturers. We will monitor the South Coast AQMD's work in this area, and if their assessment indicates a need to reconsider the 100 g/l limit for flat coatings, there will be sufficient time for the other California districts to make any necessary rule changes before the recommended effective date.

FLAT COATINGS
LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 100 g/l
Product Name and Brand	VOC Content g/l	Type1	Information from Manufacturer’s Product Sheets
Behr Premium Plus Interior Flat Smooth Wall Texture Paint	25	I	Durable, crack resistant, long lasting finish, excellent adhesion
Benjamin Moore Pristine Eco Spec Interior Latex Flat 219	0	I	Washable, spatter-resistant, high hiding, excellent touch-up, uniform finish
DeVoe Paint DE-VO-KO Flat Interior Latex Wall Paint #378XX	61	I	Good quality, economy and speed of application, excellent color & sheen uniformity, good dry hiding, non-yellowing
DeVoe Paint DE-VO-PRO Flat Interior Latex Wall Paint #534XX	31	I	Good hiding, low odor, good touch-up
DeVoe Paint Wonder-Hide Flat Interior Latex Wall Paint #519XX	33	I	High quality, good hiding, good touch-up,  non-yellowing, good washability, good scrubability, easy application, excellent color & sheen uniformity, excellent freeze-thaw resistance, excellent adhesion
DeVoe Paint SPRA-MAX 40 Flat Interior High Build Latex Coating #45XX	90	I	High quality, high film build for all types of interior surfaces, film thickness to 20 mils dry are easily obtained without sags or runs, durable, washable surface
Dunn Edwards Acoustikote Interior Acoustic Paint	0	I	High-hiding, sprays easily, finish does not affect sound-deadening qualities of acoustical surfaces
Dunn Edwards Decovel Interior Velvet Flat Wall Paint W 401	65	I	Premium flat wall paint, exceptional hide, good stain resistance & washability, easy to apply, designed to provide long lasting protection for interior walls, ceilings & other properly prepared & primed surfaces
Dunn Edwards Interior Maintenance Latex Flat Paint	65	I	Heavy-bodied, superior hiding power, applies very easily, touches-up well
Dunn Edwards Quik-Wall Interior Latex Flat Wall Finish	65	I	Heavy-bodied, excellent hide, touches up very well
Dunn Edwards Sierra Low Odor/Zero VOC Flat Wall Finish W 501	0	I	Exceptional hide & applies easily
Dunn Edwards Tuffwall Interior Latex Flat Enamel	95	I	Tough, durable finish that is extremely washable, excellent touch-up qualities, very good hiding power
Dunn Edwards Walltone Interior Flat Wall Paint	45	I	Durable, easy touch-up, good hide
Dunn Edwards Arizona Exterior Latex Flat Finish	65	I/E	Good hide, very good touch-up
Dunn Edwards Prokote Plus Exterior Flat Paint for New Construction	70	E	Excellent touch-up qualities, durable, good hide
Dunn Edwards Evershield 100% Acrylic Wood & Masonry Flat W 701	85	E	Top of the line, advanced technology & premium ingredients provide unparalleled performance, long-lasting durability, exceptional coverage & excellent adhesion, provides maximum protection against UV color fade efflorescence, water intrusion & film failure (grain crack, peeling & blistering)
Frazee Majestic Interior Acrylic Copolymer Velvet Flat Finish	89	I	Top of the line quality, test results:  resistance to abrasion – Pass, resistance to blocking - pass, resistance to washing - pass, resistance to yellowing – pass, resistance to 1500-2000 scrub cycles – pass
Frazee Acoustic Ceiling Paint Interior Acoustic Flat Latex Finish	93	I	Top of the line quality, high hide, doesn’t affect sound deadening properties of substrate
Frazee Speedwall Plus Interior Vinyl-Acrylic Flat Finish	89	I	Top of the line commercial quality, ease of application, test results:  resistance to abrasion - pass, resistance to blocking – pass, resistance to washing - pass, resistance to yellowing - pass, resistance to 1500 - 2000 scrub cycles – pass
Frazee Speedwall Interior Vinyl-Acrylic Flat Finish	72	I	Top of the line commercial quality, maximum hiding
Frazee Craftsman Heavy Duty Interior Vinyl Flat Finish	77	I	Top of the line commercial quality, excellent hiding qualities
Frazee Envirokote Interior Low Odor Zero VOC Flat Finish	0	I	Top of the line quality, test results: - resistance to abrasion - pass, resistance to blocking - pass, resistance to washing - pass, resistance to yellowing - pass, resistance to 500 - 600 scrub cycles – pass
ICI-Dulux Decra-Shield Exterior 100% Acrylic Finish	0	E	Premium quality, exceptional mildew resistance, low temperature application to 35°F, good resistance to early moisture exposure, durable & tough, fade & chalk resistant, excellent adhesion, resists blistering, peeling & flaking, easy application
ICI-Dulux Lifemaster 2000 Interior Flat Finish LM 9100	0	I	Professional best, exceptional hiding, excellent touch-up properties, washable, durable
ICI-Dulux Professional Velvet Matte Interior Flat Latex Wall & Trim Finish	85	I	Premium quality, excellent touch-up, coverage & application properties, durable & washable
ICI-Dulux Ultra Velvet Sheen Interior Flat Latex Wall & Trim Finish	92	I	Excellent hiding, highest quality premium flat latex, excellent coverage & application properties, good burnish resistance, durable, wear resistant, very good touch-up, excellent scrub resistance, very good washability
ICI-Dulux Ultra-Wall Latex Flat Interior Wall Paint	50	I	Professional quality, high hiding, excellent touch-up, uniform flat finish, non-yellowing
ICI-Dulux Speed-Wall Latex Matte Flat Interior Wall Paint	33	I	Excellent dry hide, uniform flat finish, excellent touch-up properties
ICI-Dulux Speed-Wall Latex Flat Interior Wall Paint	18	I	Excellent dry hide, uniform flat finish, good touch-up properties
ICI-Dulux Ultra-Hide Latex Flat Interior Wall Paint "The Workhorse"	98	I	Professional best "workhorse," high hiding, excellent touch-up, uniform finish, washable, non-yellowing, easy application, excellent hiding & flexibility
ICI-Dulux Ultra-Hide High-Build Latex Flat Interior Primer/Finish	46	I	High-build, excellent touch-up properties,
ICI-Dulux Ultra-Hide Build-Dur Spray Latex Flat Interior Primer/Finish	83	I	High-build without running or sagging
ICI-Dulux Speed-Cote Exterior Latex Flat Masonry Finish	22	E	Uniform flat finish, easy application
ICI-Dulux Ultra Hide, Interior/Exterior High-Build Acrylic Latex Texture Coating	88	I/E	Premium quality, provides a uniform texture on rough or irregular surfaces
Rodda Paint AC-911 Exterior Latex House Paint	96	E	Uniform finish, smooth even finish, very good resistance to moisture
Rodda Paint Krillicon Exterior Flat Paint	85	E	Very good resistance to moisture – masonry paint
Rodda Paint Ezee Coat Flat Wall Paint	67	I	High hiding, economical, excellent touch-up characteristics, good resistance to moisture
Rodda Paint Horizon Clean Air Select	0	I	Washable, uniform, durable, easy application properties, excellent resistance to moisture
Rodda Terra Solid Color Latex Flat	76	E	For rough wood surfaces where the ultimate in color retention & durability is desired, excellent resistance to moisture
Sherwin Williams Health Spec Low Odor Latex Interior Flat	2.4-6	I	Provides the durability expected from a flat wall paint without the odor associated with typical latex paints; 1300 scrubs
Sherwin Williams Style Perfect Interior Flat Latex Ceiling Paint	51	I	No specific performance information provided
Sherwin Williams Style Perfect Interior Latex Flat	36-48	I	Fade resistant, easy to apply, resists yellowing, easy clean-up
Sherwin Williams ProMar 700 Interior Latex Flat Wall Paint	48-60	I	No specific performance information provided
Sherwin Willaims ProMar 400 Interior Latex Flat	48-84	I	Durable, quality vinyl acrylic paint
Sherwin Williams ProMar 200 Interior Latex Flat	48-84	I	Finest quality product designed for the professional
Tru-Test Contractor’s Latex Flat Wall Paint GF-Line	<100	E	No specific performance information provided
ACE Quality Paints 7* Flat Latex Wall Paint	198	I	15 year durability, scrubbable, low spatter, non-yellowing, colorfast, stain resistant
ACE Quality Paints 7* Flat Latex Ceiling White	213	I	Low spatter, non-yellowing, colorfast, stain resistant, finish reduces reflection and glare
ACE Quality Paints 5* Flat Latex Wall Paint	215	I	Washable, easy application, non-yellowing, colorfast, spot resistant
ACE Quality Paints 5* Flat Latex Ceiling Paint	175	I	Washable, easy application, non-yellowing, colorfast, spot resistant
ACE Quality Paints 7* Acrylic Latex House Paint	143	E	15 year durability, no chalk washdown, mildew resistant, non-yellowing, washable, stain resistant
ACE Quality Paints 5* Acrylic Latex House Paint	143	E	Stain resistant, no chalk washdown, non-yellowing, washable
ACE Quality Paints Pro High Hiding Flat Latex Wall Paint	141	I	Good touch up
AFM Safecoat Interior Flat	102	I	Premium quality, superior hiding properties, durable finish
Devoe Paint Velour Flat Interior Alkyd Wall Paint	372	I	Easy application, excellent hiding, excellent durability, good washability
Devoe Paint Wonder Tones Flat Interior Latex Wall Paint	203	I	Premium quality, durable, excellent hiding, non-yellowing, resists staining, highly washable, excellent touch-up, excellent spatter resistance
Devoe Paint Ceiling White Flat Interior Latex Paint	125	I	Good hiding, easy application, excellent spatter resistance, non-yellowing
Devoe Paint SPRA-MAX-12 Flat Interior Medium Build Latex Coating	158	I	Excellent hiding, fast application, excellent washability
Devoe Paint Wonder-Speed Flat Interior Latex Wall Paint	219	I	Professional best, good hiding, excellent tuoch-up, non-yellowing, washable, easy application
Dunn Edwards Acri-Flat 100% Acrylic Exterior Wood Stain & Masonry Flat Paint	120	E	Easy to apply, excellent color retention, good crack resistance, long-term exterior durability
Dunn Edwards Endurawall Elastomeric Wall Coating Smooth	110	E	Exceptional flexibility, provides superior protection against wind-driven rain and moisture by bridging cracks, outstanding elastic recovery and resilience even under conditions of extreme cold or heat, outstanding resistance to UV light and dirt pick up, easy touch-up
Dunn Edwards Suprema Interior Low Sheen Wall Paint	135	I	Premium quality, tough washable finish, outstanding stain resistance, durability and hide
Frazee Velvin Interior Acrylic Copolymer Flat Finish	112	I	Top of the line quality, test results: resistance to abrasion – pass, resistance to blocking – pass, resistance to washing – pass, resistance to yellowing – pass, resistance to 600-800 scrub cycles – pass
Frazee Luxwall Heavy-Duty Interior Vinyl-Acrylic Flat Finish	165	I	Top of the line commercial quality, outstanding hiding power
Frazee Luxwall Ready-To-Use Interior Vinyl-Acrylic Flat Finish	165	I	Top of the line commercial quality, outstanding hiding power
Frazee Versa-Tex Interior/Exterior Acrylic Copolymer Flat Finish	126	I/E	Fine quality, tough, blister resistant, good adhesion and weather resistance
Frazee Duratec II 100% Acrylic Exterior Flat	102	E	Excellent quality, excellent adhesion and weather resistance
Frazee Acri-Tec Exterior Acrylic Copolymer Flat Finish	105	E	Commercial quality, assures good fade/weather resistance, test results: resistance to blocking – pass, resistance to chalking – pass, resistance to fading – pass, resistance to grain cracking – pass, resistance to UV rays – pass
Frazee Acri-Kote Exterior 100% Acrylic Finish	131	E	Commercial quality
Frazee Royal Supreme Exterior 100% Acrylic Low Luster Finish	110	E	Top of the line quality, washable, fade resistant, superior adhesion
ICI Dulux Professional Exterior 100% Acrylic Flat Finish	156	E	Premium quality, exceptional mildew resistance, low temperature application to 35oF, good resistance to early moisture exposure, durable and tough, fade and chalk resistant, excellent adhesion, resists blistering, peeling and flaking, easy application
ICI Dulux Exterior Latex Flat Finish	106	E	Highest quality premium, exceptional weathering resistance, easy application, durable and tough, fade and chalk resistant, exceptional mildew resistance, moisture resistant, excellent adhesion, resists blistering, peeling and flaking
ICI Dulux Ultra-Hide Durus Exterior Acrylic Flat Finish	241	E	Professional best, excellent mildew resistance, easy application, fade and chalk resistant, moisture resistant, durable and tough, excellent adhesion, resists blistering, peeling and flaking, excellent touch-up
ICI-Dulux Uitra-Hide Durus Exterior Acrylic Flat Masonry Finish	143	E	Professional best, excellent mildew resistance, easy application, excellent color retention, chalk resistant, durable and tough, resists blistering, mildew, and staining, excellent touch-up, resists erosive effects of coastal salt air
ICI Dulux Speed-Cote Exterior Acrylic Flat Finish	128	E	Fade and chalk resistant, easy application, mildew resistant
Rodda Paint Hi Hide Velvet Flat Latex House Paint	112	E	Premium quality, one coat coverage, mildew resistant, excellent resistance to peeling, fading, blistering, chalking, sun and water fumes
Rodda Paint Ext Alkyd Flat House Paint	362	E	Highly durable, fume resistant, excellent resistance to moisture
Rodda Paint Lasyn Velvet Flat Wall Paint	120	I	Dries within 15 minutes, minimizing dirt pick-up, flows and levels well, excellent color retention and adhasion, will not blister, withstands an alkaline atmosphere
Rodda Paint Master Painter Latex Flat Wall Paint	120	I	Good resistance to moisture
Sherwin Williams Everclean Interior Latex Flat	152-215	I	Provides the washability and durability usually found in glossy enamel finishes. Allows most household stains to be removed without the need for scrubbing
Sherwin Williams Classic 99 Interior Latex Flat Ceiling Paint	158	I	No specific performance information provided
Sherwin Williams Classic 99 Interior Latex Flat	72-180	I	Provides one coat hiding over many colors on smooth surfaces and will provide a durable, scrubbable, washable finish
Sherwin Williams Duration Exterior Latex Flat Coating	89-113	E	Provides the most durable and longest lasting coating available, one coat protection, self-priming, easy application, superior hiding, thicker, more flexible, resists blistering and peeling
Sherwin Williams LowTemp 35 Exterior Latex Flat	101-135	E	Quality product recommended for use down to a surface and air temperature of 35o F
Sherwin Williams SuperPaint Exterior Flat Latex