KERAPCD 210-1 NEW AND MODIFIED STATIONARY SOURCE REVIEW (NSR)
Rule 210.1 New and Modified Stationary Source Review (NSR) - Adopted 3/19/74, Amended 12/28/76, 4/25/78, 5/16/78, 1/9/79, 6/29/79, 9/12/79, 4/5/82, 4/25/83, 8/27/84, 9/16/85, 11/18/85, 6/16/86, 6/1/87, 7/11/88, 8/22/89, 8/21/90, 8/19/91,6/8/92, 7/11/96, 5/6/99
I. Purposes and Applicability
A. Rule Purposes: The purposes of this rule are to:
B. Applicability:
This Rule shall apply to all new stationary sources and all modifications to existing stationary sources subject to Rule 201 - Permits Required.
II. Definitions
A. Actual Emissions:
measured or estimated emissions most accurately representing emissions from an emissions unit.
B. Actual Emissions Reductions:
reductions of actual emissions from an emissions unit selected for emission offsets or banking. Actual emissions reductions shall be calculated pursuant to Subsection IV.C. of this Rule and shall be real, enforceable, quantifiable, and permanent, and:
C. Affected Pollutants:
air contaminants for which there are ambient air quality standards.
D. Ambient Air Quality Standards:
State and National Ambient Air Quality Standards. (For inclusion of this Rule in the State Implementation Plan, all references to ambient air quality standards shall be interpreted as National Ambient Air Quality Standards.)
E. Baseline Date: December 28, 1976.
F. Baseline Period: either
G. Best Available Control Technology: the most stringent emission limitation or control technique of the following:
Best Available Control Technology shall not be determined to be less stringent than the emission control required by any applicable provision of local, state, or federal, law or regulation unless the applicant demonstrates to the Control Officer that such limitations are not achievable. Application of Best Available Control Technology shall not result in the emission of any pollutant exceeding emissions allowed by any applicable New Source Performance Standard or National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants.
H. Cargo Carrier: train dedicated to supplying raw materials, or conveying finished products for a specific stationary source.
I. Complete Application: an application for Authority to Construct a new or modified emissions unit reviewed and found to conform to the List and Criteria (see Page L&C-1 of these Rules and Regulations) adopted by the District pursuant to Article 3, Sections 65940 through 65944 of Chapter 4.5 of Division 1 of Title 7 of the Government Code, as that list exists on the date the application is received.
J. Contiguous Property or Adjacent Property: property consisting of two or more parcels of land with a common point or boundary, or separated solely by a public roadway or other public right-of-way.
K. Daily Emissions Limitation: one or a combination of permit conditions specific to an emissions unit restricting its maximum daily emissions, in pounds per day, at or below maximum design capacity emissions. A daily emissions limitation shall be:
L. Emissions Unit: an identifiable source operation or piece of process equipment, such as an article, machine, or other contrivance, which emits, may emit, or results in the emission of any affected pollutant directly or as fugitive emissions.
M. Federally-Enforceable: means all limitations and conditions which are enforceable by the U.S. EPA Administrator, including those requirements developed pursuant to 40 CFR Parts 60 and 61, requirements within any applicable State Implementation Plan, any permit requirements established pursuant to 40 CFR 52.21 or under regulations approved pursuant to 40 CFR Part 51, Subpart I, including operating permits issued under an EPA-approved program that is incorporated into the State Implementation Plan and expressly requires adherence to any permit issued under such program.
N. Fugitive Emission: emission which could not reasonably pass through a stack, chimney, vent, or other functionally-identical opening.
O. Functionally-Identical Replacement: routine maintenance, repair, replacement or modification of an emissions unit where:
P. Historic Potential To Emit: emissions based on the potential to emit of an emissions unit prior to modification. In determining the historic potential to emit, emissions limitations shall be treated as part of an emissions unit's design only if the limitations are representative of normal operations or if emission offsets were provided from a previous permitting action. For the purposes of the above determination, "normal operations" is defined as the usual or typical operation of an emissions unit resulting in actual emissions which are at least 80% of the specific limits contained in the emission unit's Authority to Construct or Permit to Operate. If there are no enforceable limiting conditions, an emissions unit's potential to emit shall be the unit's historic actual emissions. For a new emissions unit, historic potential emissions are equal to zero.
Q. Identical Replacement: total or partial replacement of an emissions unit where the replacement unit is the same as the original emissions unit in all respects except for serial number.
R. Major Modification: modification of a major stationary source resulting in an increase in potential emissions of more than 100 tons per year of CO, 40 tons per year of SOx (as SO2), 25 tons per year of NOx, 25 tons per year of VOC's, or 15 tons per year of PM10, when aggregated with all other creditable decreases and increases in emissions from the stationary source during the last 5 consecutive calendar years, including the calendar year the modification occurred.
S. Major Stationary Source: a stationary source with potential to emit 50 tons or more per year of any affected pollutant.
T. Modification:
U. Non-Attainment Pollutant: any pollutant for which an ambient air quality standard was exceeded within the District more than three discontinuous times (or, for annual standards, more than one time) within the three years immediately preceding the date an application for the Authority to Construct is filed, or which has been designated "nonattainment" pursuant to final rule-making by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (and published in the Federal Register), or which has been designated nonattainment by the California Air Resources Board pursuant to Section 39607 of the California Health and Safety Code. Any pollutant which is a precursor to a nonattainment pollutant shall be considered a nonattainment pollutant.
V. Potential to Emit: the maximum capacity of an emissions unit to emit a pollutant under its physical and operational design limitations. Any physical or operational limitation on the capacity of the source to emit a pollutant, including pollution control equipment and restrictions in hours of operation or on the type or amount of material combusted, stored, or processed, shall be treated as part of its design only if the limitation or the effect it would have on emissions is incorporated into the applicable permit as an enforceable permit condition. Potential to emit shall include directly-emitted fugitive emissions.
W. PM10: particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than or equal to a nominal 10 microns as measured by an applicable reference test method (or methods) found in Article 2, Subchapter 6, Title 17, California Code of Regulations (commencing with Section 94100).
X. Precursor: a directly emitted air contaminant that, when released into the atmosphere, forms or causes to be formed or contributes to the formation of a secondary air contaminant for which an ambient air quality standard exists, or whose presence in the atmosphere will contribute to the exceedance of one or more ambient air quality standards.
The following precursor-secondary air contaminant relationships shall be used for the purposes of this Rule:
Precursor Secondary Air Contaminant Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) a. Photochemical oxidants (Ozone)
b. Organic fraction of PM10Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) a. Nitrogen dioxide
b. Nitrate fraction of PM10
c. Photochemical oxidants (Ozone)
Sulfur Oxides (SOx) a. Sulfur dioxide
b. Sulfates
c. Sulfate fraction of PM10
Y. Reconstructed Source: any stationary source undergoing reconstruction when the fixed capital cost of the new components exceeds 50 percent of the fixed capital cost of a comparable, entirely new stationary source. Fixed capital cost is the capital needed to provide all depreciable components. A reconstructed stationary source shall be considered a new stationary source and not a modification.
Z. Seasonal Source: any stationary source having more than 90 percent of its annual emissions occurring within a consecutive 120-day period.
AA. Secondary Emissions: means emissions occurring as a result of construction or operation of a major stationary source or major modification, but not emitted by the major stationary source, or major modification itself. For purposes of this Rule, secondary emissions must be specific, well defined, quantifiable, and impact the same general area as the major stationary source or major modification which causes the secondary emissions. Secondary emissions include emissions from any offsite support facility which would not otherwise be constructed or increase its emissions as a result of construction or operation of the major stationary source or major modification. Exhaust emissions from vehicles registered for use on highways shall not be considered secondary emissions.
BB. Stationary Source: any structure, building, facility, or installation which emits or may emit any affected pollutant directly (or as a fugitive emission). "Structure, building, facility or installation" includes all pollutant emitting activities, including emissions units:
CC. Temporary Replacement Emissions Unit (TREU): an emissions unit on site for less than six months and replacing an existing emissions unit shut down for maintenance or repair. Emissions from a TREU cannot exceed emissions from the existing emissions unit. An emissions unit not removed within 180 days is not a TREU.
DD. Volatile Organic Compound (VOC): any compound containing at least one atom of carbon except for exempt compounds listed in Rule 102, Subsection L.
III. Requirements
A. Best Available Control Technology:
B. Offsets:
PM10 | ************************************************************* | 15 tons/yr* |
SOx (as SO2) | ************************************************************* | 27 tons/yr* |
VOC | ************************************************************* | 25 Tons/Year |
NOx (as NO2) | ************************************************************* | 25 Tons/Year |
Location of Emission Offset Volatile Organic compounds or Nitrogen Oxides
Sulfur Oxides
or PM10For use by major stationary sources or major modifications Emission Offset Ratio:
Same Source
1.3 to 1.0
1.0 to 1.0
Within 15-mile radius and within the District
1.3 to 1.0
1.2 to 1.0
Greater than 15-mile but within 50-mile radius and within the District
2.0 to 1.0
2.0 to 1.0
More than 50-mile radius
Greater than 3.0 to 1.0
Greater than 3.0 to 1.0
For use by non-major stationary sources or non-major modifications
Same Source
1.0 to 1.0
1.0 to 1.0
Within 15-mile radius and within the District
1.2 to 1.0
1.2 to 1.0
Greater than 15-mile but within 50-mile radius and within the District
2.0 to 1.0
2.0 to 1.0
More than 50-mile radius
Greater than 3.0 to 1.0
Greater than 3.0 to 1.0
Note: If interpollutant offsets are utilized, appropriate additional ratios apply.
- Existing source shutdowns or permanent curtailments in production or operating hours occurring before an application is filed may not be used as offsets for emissions from a major source or a major modification.
- Offsets located in a district other than KCAPCD may be used only if the Control Officer has reviewed the banking certificate(s) and associated permit(s) and has verified these documents meet requirements of this Rule and Section 40709.6 of the California Health and Safety Code.
- Interpollutant offsets may be approved by the Control Officer with written CARB and U.S. EPA concurrence on a case-by-case basis provided the applicant demonstrates, with appropriate modeling in accordance with provisions of Subsection III.C.2.a., that emissions increases from the new or modified source will not cause or contribute to a violation of an ambient air quality standard. Exempt compounds shall not be used as offsets for volatile organic compounds. Interpollutant offsets between PM10 and PM10 precursors may be allowed. PM10 shall not be allowed to offset nitrogen oxide or volatile organic compound emissions.
- Offsets for new or modified seasonal sources shall be provided as for nonseasonal sources. Offsets for seasonal sources shall occur during corresponding periods of source operation.
C. Additional Requirements:
IV. Emissions Calculations
A.Terms:
The following terms are used in this subsection and are defined as follows:
HAE | = |
Historic Actual Emissions.
Emissions reductions disallowed by items 2 and 3 of Subsection IV.A. definition of HAE may be re-eligible as actual emissions reductions if:
|
PEPM | = | Potential to emit from an emissions unit prior to modification. |
PE | = | Potential to emit from a new or modified emissions unit. |
CE | = | Control Efficiency of air pollution control technology. Any control efficiency requirement shall be incorporated in the Authority to Construct and Permit to Operate by means of federally-enforceable condition(s). Reductions due to lowering of throughput rates or operating hours shall not be considered in determining control efficiency. For the same emissions unit, the CE used in Subsection IV.B. shall also be used in Subsection IV.C. |
AER | = | Actual Emissions Reductions. Actual emissions reductions may be used to offset contemporaneous onsite increases in permitted emissions included in the NSR balance pursuant to Subsection IV.D. or banked pursuant to Rule 210.3 for future onsite, or offsite offsets. |
IPE | = | Increase in Permitted Emissions. Increases in permitted emissions of non-attainment air contaminants (or precursors) subject to Subsection III.B.3. shall be offset by actual emissions reductions from the same emissions unit or other emissions units. |
HPE | = | Historic Potential to Emit. |
DEL | = | Daily Emissions Limitation (defined in Subsection II.K.) |
B. Calculating Increases in Permitted Emissions:
Increases in potential to emit are always "positive"; any "increase" which is negative shall be set to zero.
1. Functionally-Identical Replacement:
IPE = PE (for replacement unit) - HPE (for unit being replaced);
2. New Emissions Unit:
IPE = PE (for the new emissions unit);
3. Modification of an existing emissions unit:
IPE = PE (for modified unit) - HPE (for modified unit prior to modification).
C. Calculating Actual Emission Reductions:
Actual emissions reductions are always positive, any "reduction" which is negative shall be set to zero.
1. Reduction in operating hours and/or throughput rates:
AER = (HAE - PE);
2. Shutdown of an emissions unit:
AER = HAE (for the unit prior to shutdown);
3. Actual Emission Reduction due to installation of a control device, implementation of a more efficient process or material, or use of a lower emitting fuel:
AER = HAE [(1-CEBEFORE)-(1-CEAFTER)].
Actual emission reductions calculated pursuant to Subsections IV.C. can be used to offset onsite increases in permitted emissions (IPE), banked for future onsite offsets, or transferred to other entities, pursuant to the requirements of this Rule and the District's Banking Rule, Rule 210.3. Onsite actual emissions reductions used to offset contemporaneous onsite increases in permitted emissions (IPE) are not required to obtain emission reduction credit banking certificates, but must satisfy requirements of Rule 210.3.
D. Calculating New Source Review (NSR) Balances for PM10 and SOx:
Stationary source NSR Balances shall be calculated separately for each pollutant. A stationary source's NSR Balance cannot be greater than the stationary source's potential to emit, including any banked emission credits or less than zero. NSR Balances shall be calculated as follows:
E. Calculating Stationary Source Potential to Emit for NOx and VOC:
F. Calculating Offset Requirements:
When offsets are triggered pursuant to Subsection III.B.3., the quantity of offsets shall be determined as follows:
1. If the NSR balance or the stationary source potential to emit equals or exceeds an offset trigger level in Section III.B.3.,
for PM10 or SOx:
Offset = NSR Balance x Offset Ratio;
for NOx or VOC:
Offset = Stationary Source Potential to Emit x Offset Ratio.
2. If the stationary source equals or exceeds a trigger level due to a KCAPCD rule change, e.g. loss of permit exemption or change in offset trigger level,
for PM10 or SOx:
Offset = [NSR Balance (post project) - NSR Balance (immediately prior to rule change)] x Offset Ratio;
for NOx or VOC lesser of:
a. IPE x Offset Ratio, or
b. (SSPE - Offset Trigger Level) x Offset Ratio
3. If the stationary source has previously offset the entire NSR balance or stationary source potential to emit,
for PM10, SOx, NOx, or VOC:
Offset = Increase in Permitted Emissions x Offset Ratio.
V. Administrative Requirements
A. New and Modified Emissions Units: Administrative requirements of this section shall apply to all applications for new or modified emissions units except for power plant applications of over 50 megawatts. For such power plants the administrative requirements of Subsection V.B. shall apply.
1. Complete Application:
The Control Officer shall determine whether an application is complete not later than 30 days after receipt. If the Control Officer determines the application is not complete, the applicant shall receive written notification of this decision and a request for the information required. Upon receipt of additional information, a new 30-day period shall begin. Completeness of an application shall be determined on the basis of the District's "List and Criteria" (see Page L&C-1) in effect on the date the application or additional information is received. Upon determination the application is complete, the Control Officer shall notify the applicant in writing. The Control Officer may, during application processing, request an applicant to clarify, amplify, correct, or otherwise supplement information submitted in the application.2. Preliminary Decision:
Following acceptance of an application as complete, the Control Officer shall perform the analysis necessary to determine compliance with this rule and make a preliminary written decision to approve (or deny) the Authority to Construct. The Control Officer shall deny any application for Authority to Construct if the Control Officer finds the proposal will not comply with the standards set forth in this Rule (or any other District Rule). The decision shall be supported by a succinct, written analysis.
3. Notification and Publication of Preliminary Decision to Approve:
- Requirements of the following Subsections (V.A.3.b. through V.A.3.d.) do not apply unless:
- the application represents an emission increase and is for a new or modified stationary source with a stationary source NSR balance equal to or more than 27 tons/yr of sulfur oxides, or equal to or more than 15 tons/yr of PM10, or
- the application represents an emission increase and is for a new or modified stationary source for which emissions offsets from a different stationary source will be provided.
- Within 10 calendar days following a preliminary decision to approve, the Control Officer shall publish in at least one newspaper of general circulation in the District a notice stating the preliminary decision of the Control Officer, noting how pertinent information can be obtained, and inviting written public comment for a 30-day period following the date of publication.
- The Control Officer shall transmit to the applicant his preliminary written decision to approve and a copy of the notice submitted for publication, no later than the date of publication.
- The Control Officer shall transmit to the California Air Resources Board and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and to any person requesting such information his preliminary written decision, analysis, and a copy of the notice submitted for publication, no later than the date of publication.
4. Public Inspection of Preliminary Decision Documents:
No later than the publication date of the notice of preliminary decision, the Control Officer shall make available for public inspection at the District Office information submitted by the applicant, and the Control Officer's analysis. Trade secrets shall be processed in accordance with Rule 103 of these Rules and Regulations, Section 6254.7 of the Government code, and relevant sections of the California Administrative Code.
5. Final Action:
Within 180 days after acceptance of an application as complete, or within 180 days after the lead agency has approved the project under the California Environmental Quality Act, whichever occurs later, the Control Officer shall take final action on the application after considering all written comments.
6. Notification and Publication of Final Action:
The Control Officer shall provide written notice of the final action to the applicant, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the California Air Resources Board, and shall publish such notice in a newspaper of general circulation. An application not subject to the Notification and Publication of Preliminary Decision requirements shall not be subject to the Notification and Publication of Final Action requirements of this section. In such case the applicant shall receive notification as provided in Rule 206.
7. Public Inspection of Final Action Documents:
No later than the publication date of the notice of final action the Control Officer shall make available for public inspection at the District office a copy of the notice submitted for publication and all supporting documents. Information submitted which contains trade secrets shall be processed in accordance with Rule 103 of these Rules and Regulations, Section 6254.7 of the Government Code, and relevant sections of the California Administrative Code.
8. Public Notice, Schools:
Prior to approving any application for an Authority to Construct a new or modified source expected to emit any substance on the list required to be prepared pursuant to Section 44321 of the California Health and Safety code and located within 1000 feet of from the outer boundary of a school, the Control Officer shall:
- Prepare a public notice fully describing the proposed new or modified source and proposed emissions, and
- Distribute such notice at the expense of the applicant to parents of children attending any school within one-quarter mile of the source and to each address within a radius of 1000 feet of the proposed new or modified source at least 30 days prior to the date final action on the application is to be taken by the Control Officer. The Control Officer shall review and consider all comments received during the 30 days after the notice is distributed, and shall include written responses to such comments in the permit application file prior to approving the application.
9. Authority to Construct - General Conditions:
- an Authority to Construct shall not be issued unless the new or modified source complies with provisions of this Rule and all other applicable District Rules and Regulations;
- an Authority to Construct shall require the new or modified source to be built according to specifications and plans contained in the application;
- an Authority to Construct shall include all federally-enforceable conditions necessary to assure construction and operation in the manner assumed in the District's analysis to determine compliance with this Rule; and
- an Authority to Construct shall include all federally-enforceable conditions necessary to insure fulfillment of offset requirements.
10. Permit to Operate - General Conditions:
- a Permit to Operate shall require the new source or modification to be operated in the manner assumed in the District's analysis to determine compliance with this Rule and as conditioned in the Authority to Construct;
- a Permit to Operate shall include daily emissions limitation(s), annual emission limits, and other federally-enforceable conditions reflecting applicable emission limits, including offset requirements;
- the Control Officer shall verify all conditions specified in the Authority to Construct have been satisfied prior to issuance of the Permit to Operate; and
- a Permit to Operate shall conform to applicable requirements of Title V of the 1990 Federal Clean Air Act Amendments.
11. Permit to Operate - Offset Conditions:
- as a condition for issuance of a Permit to Operate, any source providing offsets shall be subject to federally-enforceable permit conditions containing specific operational and emissions limitations, ensuring emissions reductions will be provided in accordance with provisions of this Rule and will continue for the reasonably expected life of the proposed source. Where the Control Officer is prohibited from issuing a Permit to Operate to the source of offsets, a written contract shall be required between the applicant and the owner or operator of such source, which contract, by its terms, shall be enforceable by the Control Officer. The permit and contract shall be submitted to the California Air Resources Board to be forwarded to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as part of the State Implementation Plan. A violation of the emission limitation provisions of any such contract shall be grounds for permit revocation.
- offsets required as a condition of an Authority to Construct or a Permit to Operate shall commence not later than the date of initial operation of the new or modified source.
B. Electrical Power Plants Over 50 Megawatts:
All power plants over 50 megawatts proposed to be constructed in the District and for which a Notice of Intention of Application of Certification has been accepted by the California Energy Commission (CEC) shall comply with applicable state law, this Rule, and CEC regulations.